"Bullying: Definitions, prevalence, Characteristics, Prevention" A graduate level research paper, review of literature

Introduction

Bullying in schools is an world(prenominal) problem that can have damaging consequences for the overall school climate and for the rights of students to learn in a safe environment. Because bullyrag is such a complex behavior, it is lots difficult to define. Much of the formal look for on bullying took place in Scandinavia, led by University professor Dan Olweus. He began a longitudinal study in the 1970s that is still shortly going on (Olweus 1999). This longitudinal study shows that children who were bullies tended to engage in antisocial or delinquent behavior as adults (age 24). Additionally, children who were victims of bulling tended to be more prone to depression in adulthood (age 23). This conclusion has been documented in otherwise cases (Ross 1996) and shows the long term set up of bullying. Olweus (1999) documented that bullying is a common and damaging subset of ill will among children and created the first Bullying Prevention Program of its kind. Meanwhile, American research on bullying lagged behind other countries until the 1990s, when amid media exposure (Columbine and other schools), research began to explode over the next ten old age and continues today (Limber 2004). The phenomenon of bullying deserves special attention by educators come to with aggression barroom, and international literary works needs to be included, as much American research is based on international studies.



This review of literature includes international research and examines the issues with defining bullying, its preponderance and characteristics of the bully and victim, as well as current prevention methods used to combat bullying.

Definition of Bullying

There has been much disagreement in the literature regarding how bullying should be defined. Methods of implementation have been further exacerbated by the fact that the term bullying may not reiterate into the same meaning in other languages (Thompson, Arora, and

Sharp, 2002).

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