Fractional Distillation and Gas Chromatography

CHEM 3152-003

Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation and Gas Chromatography

Introduction:

The purpose of this essay was to separate a mixture of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methylbenzene by using the method of fractional distillation and to dismember the fractions using gas chromatography (GC).

ethyl acetate toluene

Distillation is a method know as separating or purifying a molten or mixture by vaporization and condensation. In a elemental distillation, the liquids being separated boil below 150 0C at 1 atmosphere from nonvolatile impurities and another liquid that boils at least 25 0C higher than the first. A ascendant is heated up to its change state point. The vapor of the more volatile component of the solution is set apart from the boiling mixture and is condensed and collected.

In fractional distillation, the liquid mixtures being separated are soluble in individually other and boil at less than 25 0C from apiece other at 1 atmosphere. Each component is called a fraction. As the mixture is heated, it boils, and the vapor that comes off this liquid is richer in the lower boiling component. The composition of the liquid still in the flask has changed a littleit is richer in the higher boiling component. As more of this liquid boils, hotter vapor comes up, mixes with the first fraction, and produces a new vapor. This vapor is richer in the lower boiling component.



In a nutshell, fractional distillation is revaporizing the condensate. Simple distillation is merely one cycle of the vaporization/condensation.

Another technique used for this experiment is gas chromatography (GC). GC is the separation of compounds between a unmoving and a mobile phase. GC can also be referred to as vapor-phase chromatography (VPC) and gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The sample enters the GC at the injection port. devil components A and B are different, they will stick...

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